作者：关永杰
在7月12日北加州纪念刘晓波逝世九周年海祭活动前，我邀请一位朋友参加。他却回答：“我不去，我不认可刘晓波，因为他说过‘我没有敌人，我没有仇恨’。共产党这个独裁专制的政权，难道不是我们的敌人吗？”
他的这个回答，让我再次陷入思考。
其实，我曾经也对这句话感到疑惑。我读过刘晓波的《末日幸存者的忏悔》，书中记录了他在狱中、获释后的挣扎与反思。他不是一个天生的英雄，而是一个有血有肉、会恐惧、会软弱的普通人。后来，他获得诺贝尔和平奖，也有人批评他过于温和，对他的理念及认罪词提出质疑。
所以过去我一直认为，“我没有敌人，我没有仇恨”，只是刘晓波选择了和平、理性、非暴力抗争的这种温和对抗方式的一种个人表达。
直到最近，我与中国民主党旧金山党部副主席、历史研究者张俊杰先生一起讨论相关话题时，在张的指引下，才终于理解了这句话更深层的含义。
刘晓波并不是没有反抗，也不是向专制妥协。他反对的是剥夺人民自由与尊严的专制体制，而不是把那些持不同立场的人都视为必须消灭的敌人。
这一思想，与甘地、梭罗、马丁·路德·金等人的非暴力理念一脉相承。他们都深知，暴力往往只会制造新的暴力，仇恨也只会孕育新的仇恨。如果革命最终继承了专制“敌我斗争”的逻辑，那么旧的暴政倒下之后，新的暴政仍可能诞生。
真正伟大的非暴力抗争，不是放弃抗争，而是拒绝继承暴政的逻辑；不是消灭敌人，而是唤醒良知，瓦解专制的合法性，为未来留下一个能够包容不同意见、尊重人权、依靠法治与公平竞争解决政治分歧的民主社会。
刘晓波相信，只有反抗暴政，而不成为另一个暴政；追求正义，而不被仇恨吞噬，未来的中国才有可能建立一个自由、民主、法治、尊重人权的现代文明国家。
九年前刘晓波抱憾离世，他留下的不只是一个名字，当我们真正理解了“我没有敌人，我没有仇恨”，才真正理解了刘晓波，也理解了他留给中国民主事业最珍贵的思想遗产。
以下是北加州纪念刘晓波逝世九周年海祭活动现场的图片，摄影：关永杰
刘晓波逝世九周年海祭活动，在北加州的一处海滨举行，活动号召人：中国民主党旧金山党部主席方政
活动发起人兼主持人、中国民主党员刘静涛（左一）、高应芬（左二）
活动参与者手持白花，拉起横幅——“纪念刘晓波 捍卫自由”
李凯朗诵吴祚来先生作的纪念诗《祭晓波九周年》
周云龙发言
刘忱忱发言
黄晓敏发言
郭志军发言
胡帅背着两月大的孩子前来参与悼念活动并发表感言
卢占强朗诵《我没有敌人——我的最后陈述》节选
方政向刘晓波先生画像敬献上白花
胡丕政献花
袁强献花
李树青献花
纪念刘晓波逝世九周年海祭活动参与者合照
编辑：钟然
校对：周敏
翻译：戈冰
Do We Truly Understand Liu Xiaobo’s “I Have No Enemies, and No Hatred”?
By Guan Yongjie
Abstract: Departing from a renewed understanding of “I have no enemies, and no hatred,” this article emphasizes that opposing autocracy is not equivalent to creating enemies. Only by adhering to nonviolence and showing respect for human rights and the rule of law can a genuinely democratic society be achieved.
Prior to the sea memorial event in Northern California on July 12 commemorating the ninth anniversary of Liu Xiaobo’s passing, I invited a friend to attend. However, he replied: “I am not going. I do not agree with Liu Xiaobo, because he once said, ‘I have no enemies, and no hatred.’ Isn’t this autocratic and dictatorial regime of the Communist Party our enemy?”
His answer plunged me once again into deep reflection.
In fact, I too was once puzzled by this sentence. I had read Liu Xiaobo’s Confessions of a Doomsday Survivor, which documented his struggles and reflections while in prison and after his release. He was not a born hero, but a ordinary human being of flesh and blood who experienced fear and weakness. Later, when he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, some criticized him for being too moderate, questioning his philosophy and his guilty plea statement.
Therefore, in the past, I had always believed that “I have no enemies, and no hatred” was merely a personal expression of Liu Xiaobo’s choice of a peaceful, rational, and nonviolent form of moderate resistance.
It was not until recently, during a discussion on related topics with Mr. Zhang Junjie—Vice Chair of the San Francisco Branch of the China Democracy Party and a historian—that, guided by Zhang, I finally understood the deeper meaning behind this statement.
Liu Xiaobo was not foregoing resistance, nor was he compromising with autocracy. What he opposed was the autocratic system that deprives people of their freedom and dignity, rather than viewing individuals holding different positions as enemies who must be eradicated.
This line of thought is directly continuous with the nonviolent philosophies of Mahatma Gandhi, Henry David Thoreau, and Martin Luther King Jr. They all deeply understood that violence often only generates new violence, and hatred only breeds new hatred. If a revolution ultimately inherits the autocratic logic of “enemy-versus-us struggle,” then after the old tyranny falls, a new tyranny may well be born.
Truly great nonviolent resistance does not mean relinquishing resistance, but refusing to inherit the logic of tyranny; it does not mean eradicating the enemy, but awakening conscience, dismantling the legitimacy of autocracy, and leaving behind for the future a democratic society capable of accommodating differing opinions, respecting human rights, and resolving political disagreements through the rule of law and fair competition.
Liu Xiaobo believed that only by resisting tyranny without becoming another tyranny, and by pursuing justice without being consumed by hatred, could a future China possibly establish a modern civilized nation characterized by freedom, democracy, the rule of law, and respect for human rights.
Nine years ago, Liu Xiaobo passed away with regret, leaving behind much more than just a name. Only when we truly understand “I have no enemies, and no hatred” do we truly understand Liu Xiaobo, as well as the most precious intellectual legacy he left to the cause of Chinese democracy.
Below are photos from the site of the sea memorial event in Northern California commemorating the ninth anniversary of Liu Xiaobo’s passing. Photography: Guan Yongjie
The sea memorial event commemorating the ninth anniversary of Liu Xiaobo’s passing was held at a waterfront location in Northern California. The event convener: Fang Zheng, Chair of the San Francisco Branch of the China Democracy Party.
Event organizers and hosts, members of the China Democracy Party: Liu Jingtao (first from left), Gao Yingfen (second from left).
Event participants holding white flowers and holding up a banner reading: “In Memory of Liu Xiaobo — Defend Freedom.”
Li Kai reciting the commemorative poem “In Memory of Xiaobo’s Ninth Anniversary” written by Mr. Wu Zuolai.
Zhou Yunlong delivering a speech.
Liu Chenchen delivering a speech.
Huang Xiaomin delivering a speech.
Guo Zhijun delivering a speech.
Hu Shuai attending the memorial event carrying his two-month-old child and sharing his thoughts.
Lu Zhanqiang reciting excerpts from “I Have No Enemies: My Final Statement.”
Fang Zheng offering white flowers before the portrait of Mr. Liu Xiaobo.
Hu Pizheng offering flowers.
Yuan Qiang offering flowers.
Li Shuqing offering flowers.
Group photo of participants at the sea memorial event commemorating the ninth anniversary of Liu Xiaobo’s passing.
Editor: Zhong Ran
Proofreader: Zhou Min
Translator: Ge Bing
