作者：Yong Yi
在现代政治文明与国际秩序中，契约不仅是社会运行的基石，更是政权执政合法性的终极底线。然而，纵观中国共产党的百年建政与执政史，一条极其清晰且贯穿始终的主线，便是在战略弱势时大肆许诺、在权力巩固后悍然背信。这种将政治承诺彻底工具化、策略化的行事逻辑，构成了其政治基因中无法洗白的信任赤字。
建政之前，中共极其擅长利用民主修辞进行政治伪装。笑蜀编纂的《历史的先声》一书，血淋淋地揭露了这一历史讽刺。上世纪40年代，中共在《新华日报》与《解放日报》上铺天盖地宣扬“一党独裁，遍地是灾”、“言论自由是民主的基础”，甚至高调赞美美式民主与普选制度。彼时的中共，将自己包装成反对国民党威权、争取宪政自由的殉道者，借此榨取了无数知识分子与普通民众的血汗支持。然而，一旦通过这些谎言夺取政权，中共便立刻露出了极权本色，不仅将当初的民主蓝图撕得粉碎，甚至连记录这些誓言的白纸黑字都成了必须严密封杀的禁书。对本国国民的第一次政治大清洗，正是从背叛自己许下的民主承诺开始的。
这种将承诺视作“权宜之计”的流氓逻辑，在其执政后顺理成章地延伸至外交领域与国际规则之中。
《中英联合声明》的破灭，就是中共在国际舞台上撕下伪装的典型例证。1984年，中共为了顺利收回香港并安抚资本市场，向全世界郑重承诺香港“一国两制”、“港人治港”、资本主义制度与自由生活方式“五十年不变”。然而，当强权自认为足够强大、足以无视国际约束时，这一具有法律效力的联合国备案条约，却被中共外交部公然贬低为“不再具有现实意义的历史文件”。随着《香港国安法》强行落地与选举制度被彻底清洗，香港的自由与法治被蚕食殆尽，“一国两制”沦为彻头彻尾的政治骗局。
在经济全球化领域，中共的背信弃义同样让国际社会付出了极其惨痛的代价。2001年，中共为了挤进世界贸易组织（WTO），签署了极其详尽的开放承诺。欧美国家本以为通过经济融入能倒逼其走向市场化与法治化，却低估了中共对规则的投机与破坏力。二十多年来，中共一方面尽情吸血全球化红利，另一方面却极其阴暗地玩弄“选择性履约”——通过巨额暗箱补贴、强制技术转让、国家资本主义垄断以及非关税壁垒，彻底破坏了全球公平竞争的环境。它不是国际规则的遵守者，而是规则漏洞的寄生者与掠夺者。
从对内欺骗几代中国人的民主谎言，到对外玩弄《中英联合声明》与世贸协议，中共的行为模式具有高度的一致性：需要你时，好话说尽、高标许诺；利用完后，过河拆桥、翻脸不认。在中共的字典里，从来没有现代文明所敬畏的“契约精神”，只有赤裸裸的“实用主义”与“权力算计”。
一个建立在谎言之上、靠背信弃义维持统治的政权，或许能凭借暴力与谎言制造一时的强权假象，但其在国际社会与人类历史中的信誉早已彻底破产。当这种欺诈手段被全人类看穿之时，便是其政治合法性全面崩溃的开始。
编辑：钟然 校对：熊辩 翻译：沈美花
CCP’s Political Promises and Its Dilemma of International Compliance
Author: Yong Yi
Abstract: From pre-regime democratic promises to “One Country, Two Systems” in Hong Kong and WTO opening commitments, this article examines the Chinese Communist Party’s repeated breaches of promise when faced with power and interest, revealing its political logic of habitually replacing the spirit of contract with power calculations.
In modern political civilization and international order, a contract is not only the cornerstone of social operation, but also the ultimate bottom line for the political legitimacy of a regime. However, looking across the century-long history of the Chinese Communist Party’s (CCP) founding and ruling, a remarkably clear and consistent main line emerges: making extravagant promises during times of strategic weakness, and flagrantly reneging on them once power is consolidated. This logic of thoroughly instrumentalizing and strategizing political promises constitutes an indelible trust deficit in its political DNA.
Prior to coming to power, the CCP was adept at using democratic rhetoric for political camouflage. The book Voices of History compiled by Xiao Shu bloodily exposes this historical irony. In the 1940s, the CCP overwhelmingly proclaimed through the Xinhua Daily and the Liberation Daily that “one-party dictatorship brings disasters everywhere” and “freedom of speech is the foundation of democracy,” even loudly praising American-style democracy and general election systems. At that time, the CCP packaged itself as a martyr fighting against Kuomintang authoritarianism and striving for constitutional freedom, using this to extract the arduous support and blood of countless intellectuals and ordinary citizens. However, once it seized power through these lies, the CCP immediately exposed its totalitarian nature. It not only tore to shreds the original democratic blueprint, but even turned the black-and-white written records of these oaths into banned books that had to be strictly suppressed. The first political purge of its own citizens began precisely with the betrayal of the democratic promises it had made.
This rogue logic of treating commitments as mere “expedients” naturally extended to the diplomatic sphere and international rules after it came to power.
The breakdown of the Sino-British Joint Declaration is a typical illustration of the CCP tearing off its disguise on the international stage. In 1984, in order to smoothly recover Hong Kong and reassure the capital markets, the CCP solemnly promised the world that Hong Kong’s “One Country, Two Systems,” “Hong Kong people administering Hong Kong,” capitalist system, and free way of life would “remain unchanged for fifty years.” However, when the regime considered itself strong enough to ignore international constraints, this legally binding treaty registered with the United Nations was publicly belittled by the CCP Ministry of Foreign Affairs as a “historical document that no longer has practical significance.” With the forced implementation of the Hong Kong National Security Law and the total purging of the electoral system, Hong Kong’s freedom and rule of law have been eroded away, and “One Country, Two Systems” has degenerated into a complete political fraud.
In the realm of economic globalization, the CCP’s betrayal has similarly forced the international community to pay a heavy price. In 2001, to squeeze into the World Trade Organization (WTO), the CCP signed highly detailed market-opening commitments. Western democratic countries originally believed that economic integration would force it toward marketization and the rule of law, yet they underestimated the CCP’s opportunism and destructive force toward rules. Over the past two decades, while fully leeching off the dividends of globalization on one hand, the CCP has sinisterly engaged in “selective compliance” on the other—completely undermining the environment for fair global competition through massive dark-box subsidies, forced technology transfers, state-capitalist monopolies, and non-tariff barriers. It is not an observer of international rules, but a parasite and predator exploiting rule loopholes.
From the democratic lies used internally to deceive generations of Chinese people, to the external manipulation of the Sino-British Joint Declaration and WTO agreements, the CCP’s behavior pattern displays high consistency: when needing you, saying all the right things and making high-standard promises; after using you, burning bridges and turning its back. In the CCP’s dictionary, there has never been the “spirit of contract” revered by modern civilization, but only stark “pragmatism” and “power calculation.”
A regime built on lies and maintained by betrayal may briefly manufacture an illusion of power through violence and deception, but its credibility in the international community and human history has long been completely bankrupt. When these fraudulent tactics are seen through by all humanity, it will mark the beginning of the total collapse of its political legitimacy.
Editor: Zhong Ran
Proofreader: Xiong Bian
Translator: Shen Meihua
