作者：唐奇
编辑：黄吉洲 校对：程筱筱 翻译：周敏
摘要：
俄乌战争进入第五年，造成大量平民与军人伤亡、基础设施毁坏和数百万难民。文章以数据谴责俄罗斯入侵，呼吁国际社会坚持规则与正义，支持乌克兰实现和平与重建。
2026 年 2 月 24 日。对于世界而言，这或许只是漫长历史中的一个刻度；但对于乌克兰，这是这场由俄罗斯发动的全面入侵战争进入第五个年头的凛冬。一千四百六十个昼夜的炮火，不仅撕碎了主权国家的边界，更在人类现代文明的躯体上留下了一道至今仍在流血的伤痕。
站在四周年的时间节点上，我们不仅要为受难者哀悼，更要以无可辩驳的事实和数据，对这场非正义的侵略行径发起最严厉的谴责。
一、 凋零的生命：数据背后的血泪
战争最直观的残酷，莫过于对生命的漠视。根据联合国人权事务高级专员公署（OHCHR）截止 2026 年 2 月发布的最新核实数据，自 2022 年 2 月 24 日以来，乌克兰境内已证实的平民死亡人数超过 15,000 人，另有超过 41,000 人受伤。联合国同时强调，由于前线及俄占区（如马里乌波尔等地）的数据极难获取，实际伤亡数字可能远高于此。
更令人痛心的是，根据联合国 2026 年 2 月的最新简报，这场战争已夺去了至少 766 名儿童 的生命。2025 年成为了战争爆发以来平民伤亡最为惨重的一年，平民伤亡人数较 2024 年增加了 31%，这直接源于俄罗斯对乌克兰民用基础设施、尤其是能源系统的系统性远程打击。而在军事层面，这场被称为“二战以来最大规模消耗战”的冲突，其代价更是惊人。美国战略与国际研究中心（CSIS）2026 年 1 月的报告估计，双方士兵伤亡（含阵亡、受伤及失踪）总数已逼近 180 万人。其中，俄罗斯方面的损失尤为惨烈，预计伤亡人数达 120 万，其中死亡人数约为 32.5 万。这是自第二次世界大战以来，任何大国在单一冲突中所承受的最高伤亡记录。
二、 破碎的家园：系统性的文明摧毁
这不仅仅是一场领土争夺战，更是一场针对乌克兰生存根基的破坏。
世界银行在 2026 年 2 月 23 日发布的第五份《乌克兰迅速损害与需求评估》（RDNA5）报告中披露：
• 直接经济损失： 乌克兰遭受的直接物理损坏已达到 1950 亿美元。
• 重建成本： 未来十年乌克兰的恢复与重建需求总额估计高达 5880 亿美元，这几乎是乌克兰 2025 年名义 GDP 的三倍。
• 住房与基建： 乌克兰全国约 14% 的住房建筑在战火中受损或被毁，影响了超过 300 万户家庭。
更残酷的手段体现在对能源设施的“武器化”利用。2025 年入冬以来，俄罗斯加强了对发电厂和输电网的袭击。联合国数据显示，2026 年初，乌克兰仍有约 1100 万人 处于急需人道主义援助的状态，数百万人被迫在零下 20 摄氏度的严寒中忍受停电与断暖。
三、 颠沛流离：消失的人口红利
战争引发了自二战以来欧洲最大的难民危机。根据联合国难民署（UNHCR）2026 年 2 月的数据：
• 目前全球记录在案的乌克兰难民约为 590 万人。
• 乌克兰境内仍有 370 万人 处于流离失所（IDP）状态。
• 乌克兰总人口已从战前的 4113 万骤降至 2025 年底的 3600 万 以下。
这种人口结构的剧烈变动，不仅是当下的苦难，更预示着乌克兰未来几代人将面临的社会与经济重创。
四、 结语：正义不应因习惯而麻木
四年来，国际社会见证了乌克兰人民无与伦比的勇气。正如北约秘书长在 2026 年四周年纪念仪式上所言，这是一场“英雄民族对黑暗侵略的持久抵抗”。
我们谴责俄罗斯，不仅是因为它违反了《联合国宪章》和国际法，更是因为它试图用武力逻辑取代法治文明，用帝国野心践踏个体尊严。如果这种赤裸裸的侵略行为在 21 世纪依然能被容忍，那么世界上任何一个主权国家的安全都将无从谈起。
支持乌克兰，就是支持我们自己对和平与规则的向往。四周年之际，世界不应习惯于战火的硝烟，更不应对苦难产生“审美疲劳”。停止侵略，撤回军队，归还领土——这是通往正义和平的唯一途径。愿明年的此时，我们书写的不再是伤亡数字，而是关于重建、回归与真正和平的篇章。
1,460 Days of Resilience and Evidence of Crimes: Written on the Fourth Anniversary of the Russia-Ukraine War
Author: Tang Qi
Editor: Huang Jizhou Proofreader: Cheng Xiaoxiao Translator: Zhou Min
Abstract: As the Russia-Ukraine war enters its fifth year, it has caused massive civilian and military casualties, infrastructure destruction, and millions of refugees. Using data, the article condemns the Russian invasion and calls on the international community to uphold rules and justice, supporting Ukraine in achieving peace and reconstruction.
February 24, 2026. For the world, this may just be a marking on the long scale of history; but for Ukraine, this is the bitter winter marking the entry into the fifth year of the full-scale invasion war launched by Russia. One thousand four hundred and sixty days and nights of gunfire have not only torn apart the borders of a sovereign state but have also left a bleeding wound on the body of modern human civilization that remains open to this day.
Standing at the four-year milestone, we must not only mourn the victims but also launch the severest condemnation against this unjust act of aggression with irrefutable facts and data.
I. Withered Lives: Blood and Tears Behind the Data
The most direct cruelty of war is nothing more than the disregard for life. According to the latest verified data released by the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) as of February 2026, since February 24, 2022, the confirmed civilian death toll in Ukraine has exceeded 15,000, with more than 41,000 others injured. The United Nations simultaneously emphasized that because data from the front lines and Russian-occupied areas (such as Mariupol and other places) is extremely difficult to obtain, the actual casualty figures are likely far higher.
Even more heartbreaking is that, according to the latest UN briefing in February 2026, this war has claimed the lives of at least 766 children. The year 2025 became the deadliest year for civilians since the outbreak of the war, with civilian casualties increasing by 31% compared to 2024. This directly stems from Russia’s systematic long-range strikes on Ukraine’s civilian infrastructure, especially the energy system. On the military level, the cost of this conflict—referred to as the “largest war of attrition since World War II”—is even more staggering. A January 2026 report from the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) estimates that the total number of soldier casualties on both sides (including killed, wounded, and missing) has approached 1.8 million. Among them, Russia’s losses are particularly severe, with estimated casualties reaching 1.2 million, of which approximately 325,000 are fatalities. This is the highest casualty record sustained by any major power in a single conflict since World War II.
II. Broken Homes: Systematic Destruction of Civilization
This is not merely a war over territory, but a campaign of destruction targeting the very foundations of Ukraine’s survival.
The World Bank disclosed in its fifth “Ukraine Rapid Damage and Needs Assessment” (RDNA5) report, released on February 23, 2026:
• Direct Economic Losses: The direct physical damage suffered by Ukraine has reached $195 billion.
• Reconstruction Costs: The total recovery and reconstruction needs for Ukraine over the next decade are estimated at as high as $588 billion, which is nearly three times Ukraine’s nominal GDP in 2025.
• Housing and Infrastructure: Approximately 14% of housing buildings nationwide have been damaged or destroyed in the fires of war, affecting more than 3 million households.
• More cruel methods are reflected in the “weaponization” of energy facilities. Since the onset of winter in 2025, Russia has intensified attacks on power plants and power grids. UN data shows that in early 2026, approximately 11 million people in Ukraine remained in a state of urgent need for humanitarian assistance, with millions forced to endure power outages and heating cuts in the severe cold of minus 20 degrees Celsius.
III. Displacement: The Vanishing Demographic Dividend
The war triggered the largest refugee crisis in Europe since World War II. According to data from the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in February 2026:
• Currently, approximately 5.9 million Ukrainian refugees are recorded globally.
• Within Ukraine, 3.7 million people remain in a state of internal displacement (IDP).
• Ukraine’s total population has plummeted from 41.13 million before the war to below 36 million by the end of 2025.
• Such drastic changes in demographic structure are not only a present suffering but also foreshadow the severe social and economic blows that future generations of Ukrainians will face.
IV. Conclusion: Justice Should Not Become Numb Due to Habit
Over the past four years, the international community has witnessed the unparalleled courage of the Ukrainian people. As the NATO Secretary-General stated during the fourth anniversary commemoration ceremony in 2026, this is a “prolonged resistance by a heroic nation against dark aggression.”
We condemn Russia, not only because it violated the UN Charter and international law, but also because it attempted to replace the civilization of the rule of law with the logic of force, and to trample on individual dignity with imperial ambition. If this kind of naked aggression can still be tolerated in the 21st century, then the security of any sovereign state in the world will be out of the question.
Supporting Ukraine is supporting our own longing for peace and rules. On the occasion of the fourth anniversary, the world should not become accustomed to the smoke of war, nor should it develop “aesthetic fatigue” toward suffering. Stop the aggression, withdraw the troops, and return the territory—this is the only path toward a just peace. May this time next year, what we write is no longer casualty figures, but chapters about reconstruction, return, and true peace.
